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What caused World War 1?

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Generated with Gemini 1.5, contributed by Divoly library.

WWI (1914–1918) was caused by a combination of long-term tensions and a short-term trigger.

**Long-term causes (MAIN):** - **Militarism** — European powers built up massive armies and navies, creating an arms race - **Alliance system** — Europe split into two armed camps: Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy) vs Triple Entente (France, Russia, Britain) - **Imperialism** — competition for colonies created tensions, especially between Germany and established powers - **Nationalism** — ethnic minorities wanted independence; pan-Slavic movement threatened Austria-Hungary

**Immediate trigger:** On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip (a Bosnian Serb nationalist). Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia's partial compliance wasn't enough. The alliance system then dragged in every major European power within weeks.

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